The choice of cutting tool of CNC Machining center and cutting dosage is discussed

Summary: In production of treatment of numerical control machine tool, in treatment craft affirmatory circumstance falls, the logical choice that machines cutting tool and cutting dosage is the important segment that CNC Machining produces, be those who make sure CNC Machining produces efficiency and surface to machine quality is important assure. Dosage of logical choice cutting is the safeguard that cutting cutting tool develops property adequately, cutting tool of logical choice cutting is the assurance with cutting the most effective dosage, both and organic ground only union rises, the treatment efficiency that just can develop numerical control machine tool adequately and treatment quality. Keyword: CNC Machining center; Cutting cutting tool; Cutting dosage; Numerical control machine tool; Machining craft cutting tool is the direct executant that cutting of machine tool implementation machines, the choice of the choice of cutting tool and cutting dosage is logical, affect not only by the quality of treatment spare parts, can decide the success of the play of machine tool effect and safe production even. So, when writing machine program, want to choose reasonable cutting tool and cutting dosage, not only can improve cutting efficiency and treatment quality effectively, still can reduce cost in order to obtain optimal economic benefits. 1.

Machining center machines concentration of working procedure of efficiency of precision, treatment, treatment and spare parts to install clip frequency to wait for a requirement less to get used to numerical control machine tool with the main feature of cutting tool, numerical control machine tool has the demand of a lot of function to uses knife, machining center has the following characteristic with cutting tool and cutting tool system: (1) the generalization of bit and knife handle height, regularization, systematization; (2) the standardization of bit and cutting tool parameter and cutting parameter, model is changed; (3) bit or cutting tool material and cutting parameter and be matched by phase of treatment workpiece data; (4) the service life of bit or cutting tool is long, treatment tigidity is good; (5) the fixed position precision of bit and knife handle is tall, the knife handle relative position demand to machine tool main shaft is higher; (6) knife handle must have higher intensity, stiffness and wearability, the weight of knife handle and cutting tool system cannot exceed bid; (7) the dislocation of knife handle, reshipment and repeat fixed position precision the demand is high. 2.

Machining center uses 　 of cutting tool material 2.

Material of cutting tool of commonly used numerical control has stuff of 1 commonly used cutting tool high-speed steel, hard alloy, coating hard alloy, pottery and porcelain, cubic nitrogen changes boracic, diamond to wait, among them the application of high-speed steel, hard alloy, coating hard alloy in CNC Machining is the widest. 2.

The comparison of function of 2 cutting tool is in commonly used cutting tool, the tenacity of high-speed steel, coating high-speed steel is best, the hardness of coating hard alloy is taller, in layer of hard alloy cutting tool, the hardness that cutting tool of pottery and porcelain, cubic nitrogen turns cutting tool of boracic, diamond is taller. Outside removing special material, general need not the cutting tool of these a few kinds of material (as a result of its taller blade cross spends hardness big, and shape blade of cutting tool cutting is not easy and sharp, easy collapse blade, use at harder data to machine normally) . 2.

Center of CNC Machining of 　 of sort of 3 cutting tool is commonly used cutting tool sort is more, according to cutting tool utility, can divide for outline kind treatment cutting tool and aperture kind treatment cutting tool. 2.

3.

1 outline kind machine cutting tool. The first, face milling cutter. The installation means of bit and tooth and cutter hub has whole to solder type, machine clip solders type and but dislocation type 3 kinds, apply more is but dislocation type. Grind when bit cutting blade blunt or when discarding as useless, perhaps can change in the dislocation on the machine tool directly bit, improve treatment efficiency and product quality greatly thereby, the machine tool function that differs according to different workpiece species, the cutting tool model that chooses proper diameter size is used convenient and quick. Diameter of face milling cutter is commonly 40 -- 400mm. The 2nd, establish milling cutter. Establishing milling cutter is a kind of more extensive cutting tool that numerical control machine tool uses, have whole type and set bit pattern two kinds. General diameter uses integral formula below in Φ 20mm. The diameter is in Φ 20mm above is multi-purpose at setting tine pattern, still have milling cutter of type of circular arc of point of a knife, multi-purpose machine at the mould, apply to a large number of treatment of curved surface, present hard alloy establishs milling cutter to also can replace keyway milling cutter to make perpendicular feed. The 3rd, ball head knife. Cylindrical ball head milling cutter, basically use at mould treatment, finish machining is used, also have figuration and mount a tooth-like part of anything two kinds. Basically use at curved surface to machine, quality of its treatment surface is higher, speed of cutting of center of ball head knife is 0. Ball head cutting tool does not apply to planar milling. 2.

3.

2 aperture kind machine cutting tool. The first, broach. Commonly used broach has machining center twist drill of central getting, standard. Cutting tool material has high-speed steel, hard alloy and coating hard alloy to wait. The 2nd, reamer. Have reamer of standard high-speed steel, solder hard alloy knife (use at custom-built dimension commonly, deep aperture reamer) , float reamer. The 3rd, boring cutter. Boring cutter cent is boring cutter of thick boring cutter, essence of life, float boring cutter to wait. Boring cutter of essence of life uses screw adjustment formula, every case precision is different, have 0.

Diameter of 002mm every case, also have 0.

Direction of diameter of 01mm every case. 2.

3.

Cutting tool of 3 a few special treatment. Be like T form cutting tool, groove and cut off with curium a cutting tool, swallow end chamfer shapes cutting tool, use frequency is inferior. 3.

Machining center cutting tool chooses a principle to answer dosage of working procedure of the process capability according to the machine tool, function that processes data, treatment, cutting and other factor choose cutting tool reasonably. The total principle that cutting tool chooses is: Cutting tool is chosen the most important saw sexual price compare namely, in the machine tool affirmatory condition falls, consider to machine the cutting function of workpiece material above all, consult the cutting tool that machines the function of material to choose price minimum, improve beneficial result, reduce cost, also want installation to adjust at the same time convenient, tigidity is good, durability and precision are tall. Below the premise that asks in contented treatment, choose shorter knife handle as far as possible, machine tigidity in order to raise cutting tool. When choosing cutting tool, want to make the diameter of cutting tool and the purify quantity photograph that process work suit, the milling of planar and circumjacent outline, with establish milling cutter; Milling plane uses knife of hard alloy Pan Xi; Treatment uses high-speed steel to establish milling cutter when concave and convex stage; When machining semifinished product face or aperture rough machining, choose milling cutter of corn of the hard alloy that mount a tooth-like part of anything; Establish bodily form face and change the treatment of appearance of bevel angle outline, often use He Panxi of ball head knife, annular milling cutter, cone-shaped milling cutter knife. The durability of cutting tool and precision and impact of cutting tool price are occasionally great, what must notice is, below some circumstances, choose the good cutting tool with higher price, but good cutting tool brings those who machine efficiency and treatment quality to rise, can make whole finished cost is reduced greatly. 4.

Cutting dosage chooses to be in CNC Machining, of cutting dosage choosing is most crucial link, it affects those who machine efficiency and treatment quality to rise directly. Choose cutting dosage to need theory and practice photograph couple reasonably, fumble ceaselessly in practice experiment, ability is summed up better, induce a righter cutting dosage. Cutting dosage basically includes to bear speed of quantity of penetration of a cutting tool and quantity of side penetration of a cutting tool, feed and cutting rate. From the durability consideration of cutting tool, the selection method of cutting dosage is to choose quantity of back penetration of a cutting tool first, it is feed speed next, determine cutting rate finally. Be in with respect to the author below at ordinary times the treatment parameter that encounters in the job undertakes an analysis: The first, the machine tool of DMC635V is in machine tool model, treatment ply is 20mm, material gets Φ on the workpiece for 12Cr2Mo 1.

The via of 2mm. Cutting tool choice: Φ 1.

The high-speed steel broach of 2mm, notice whether even broach cutting blade is symmetrical. Bear amount of penetration of a cutting tool: Every are gotten deep 0.

5mm carries a knife to discharge bits law. Feed speed: Vf ＝ 5mm/min. Cutting speed: N ＝ 5000mm/min. Implementation machines craft requirement, finish treatment job smoothly. The 2nd, on VMC1250 model machine tool, treatment material heats up forge mould for 5CrNiMo, tone pledges hardness is the long and narrow chamfer of 500HBW, deepness is the work precision work of 170mm, mental allowance is unilateral 0.

1 -- 0.

15mm. Cutting tool choice: The bovine bazoo knife of Φ 20mmR5, cutting tool length mounts a tooth-like part of anything for 250mm hard alloy knife. Bear amount of penetration of a cutting tool: 0.

Speed of 1mm 　 feed: Vf ＝ 1800mm. Cutting speed: N ＝ 3000mm/min, use the treatment method of suitable mill. Program begin adds G64 to process an instruction continuously, finish treatment smoothly to produce the job, make sure better treatment is bright and clean degree, get the affirmation of the user. The 3rd, in 685 armor plate in VMC1250 model machine tool tone pledges hardness is in 460HBW, 672 Φ are gotten on the armor plate of ply 8mm the array via of 10, consider finished cost business accounting and treatment efficiency. Plan 1: Cutting tool choice: Broach of Φ 10mm high grade high-speed steel, every raise 46 yuan. Bear amount of penetration of a cutting tool: Drill through. Feed speed: Vf ＝ 10mm/min. Cutting speed: N ＝ 180r/min. Broach grinds better case to fall in blade, drill 20 many hole at most. Plan 2: Cutting tool choice: Broach of Φ 10mm hard alloy, every raise 360 yuan. Bear amount of penetration of a cutting tool: Drill through. Feed speed: Vf ＝ 30mm/min. Cutting speed: N ＝ 600r/min. Broach drills or so 500 hole at most. Plan 3: Cutting tool choice: Broach of coating of Φ 10mm hard alloy, every raise 630 yuan. Bear amount of penetration of a cutting tool: Drill through. Feed speed: Vf ＝ 90mm/min. Cutting speed: N ＝ 1200r/min. Broach drills about 2000 hole at most. This explains adequately, the good cutting tool with use high price, do not raise finished cost certainly, of efficiency raise the addition with the amount, just is the addition of benefit. 5.

The epilogue development as machine tool of CNC Machining center, those who machine craft requirement is ceaseless rise, the method of CNC Machining also more diversification, arrive from simple manual process designing process designing of complex curved surface software, the demand to cutting cutting tool is more accurate also, diverse at the same time. In certain treatment link, the requirement that implemented treatment technology is the task finish, and some treatment produce the job, it is to stress quality, say beneficial result, stress efficiency. Origin: Group of Chinese arms industry author of the 52nd institute: Li Haibao Liu Zelin learns in battle CNC Milling